Internal combustion engine



June '30, 19 6. c, R ON 2,045,870

INTERNAL COMBUS T ION ENGINE Filed oct. 6, 1955 CL 2:05 E. FETflA/i fIE:

Patented June 30, 1936 J I 1 UNITED :STATES, PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Clyde R. Paton, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Packard Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application October 6, 1933, Serial No. 692,365

7 Claims. (Cl. 74-23017) This invention relates to cooling mechanism to the engine by bolts as indicated at 24. One and more particularly to driving mechanism for wall of the bracket forms a closure for the front internal combustion engine fans. end of the pump housing. Suitable bearing means An object of the invention is to provide a new 54 are carried within the bracket for rotatably 5 and novel automatically controlled fan mechsupporting the shaft 22. One end of this shaft 5 anism for maintaining a substantially uniform projects into the pump housing and is-secured engine temperature. to the pump by means of a set screw, as indicated Another object of the invention is to provide at 25, and the other end of the shaft projects mechanism for driving a fan'at a speed varying beyond the bracket and has the hub 26 of the fan 10 in accordance with engine temperature. splined thereto and fixed axially by a bolt 5|. 10

A further object of the invention is to provide The fan blades 2| are secured to the hub by driving mechanism for a fan which is tbermosuitable means such as bolts 53. statically controlled in order to regulate the speed Extending from the n ne in parallel e o of operation, with the driven shaft 22 is a drive shaft 21 which Still another object of the invention is to pros rotatedby the engine through suitable mech- 15 vide a driving mechanism in which the diameter anism (not shown). On each of the shafts 22 ratio of a pair of pulleys, connected by a belt, is and 21 I p opose to provide a pu y. Such p y automatically varied to change the speed of ro being encircled by a belt 58 for the purpose tation. of transmitting power. 7

Other objects of the invention will appear from Ordinarily u a drive a sm p du es 20 the following description taken in connection a constant pe d ratio etween the associated with the drawing, which forms apart of this specishafts so that the pu p and the fan will be rofication, d i hi h; tated in a definite speed relation irrespective Fig. 1 illustrates a fragmentary portion of an of the engine speed. Under several conditions 25 engine and a cooling system, partly in section and of e Operat on, such a constant spe d rela- 25 partly in elevation, illustrating the invention; tion between the engine an t e Pump and fan Fig. 2 is an elevational view of an engine hav- Will not Properly take Care Of ng e heat ing a cooling system incorporating my invention units from the fluid in the cooling System in associated therewith; der to maintain the temperature of \the engine Referring now to the drawing by char cter such that the most efficient operation will be had;

of reference, I 0 indicates generally an internal In Order to Overcome this difficliity and to procombustion engine having a water chambe vide forthe transfer of heat units from the coolsubstantially surrounding cylinders as indicated; ing System S0 s to maintain a substantially conat l2. Forwardly of the engine is arranged a ra-f ta engine temperature, I P p to p e diator l3 which is connected at its upper end by driving mechanism of a character such that the 35 means f a conduit w t t upper outlet speed relation between the driven shaft and the n t; 5 of t Water chamber A connection 5 driving shaft can be automatically varied in acextends from the lower end of the radiator to 21- 0911191109 with engine p u e.

housing l'l, formed at one end of the engine oast- In the embodiment illustrating one form which 40 ing, which is in communication t a housing my invention may take, Ipropose to construct the 40 I8 containing a pump is. There is a t t pulleys so that the ratio of their effective diamemotion, as indicatedat 20, extending from the ters engaging with h belt can be i and pump housing to the water chamber, W te 1 preferably by means thermostatically controlled. drawn from th radiator by t pump through Each pulley is formed in two sections 28 and 29 the connection It and housing I! into the pump which are fixed to rotate with the shafts 22 and 45 chamber Ill. The pump forces the water from its The tWO Sections of the P y u ture aschamber through the connection 20, the water sociated with the shaft 21 are splined thereto chamber II and through the connection It to and the section 29 is axially movable'th ereon.

the radiator. Water circulating through the The section 28 of thepulley structure associated 5 cooling system is cooled as it passes through the to rotate with the shaft 22 is preferably formed radiator by air circulated by the blades 2| of a fan as an integral part of the fan hub 26 while the structure. section 29 of such pulley structure is preferably The fan and the pump are preferably mounted splined to the fan hub and axially movable thereto be rotated by a shaft 22 extending through a on. The adjacent faces of the two sections of supporting member or bracket 23 which is secured each pulley are formed with oppositely extend- 55 ing angular faces against which the side faces of the belt 58 engage.

Surrounding a portion of the cylindrical regulating face 32 extending parallel with and adjacent the rear end of the movable section 29 of the driven pulley. Bearing, means 33 is arranged between such faces to permit the regulating member to cooperate with the adjacent rotatable pulley without undue friction. Intermediate a shoulder 34 on the bracket 23 and the wall 32 of the cylindrical regulating member is a coilspring 35 which creates pressure in a direction urging the adjacent pulley member 29 in an axial direction toward the pulley section 28.

The pulley section 28 on the shaft 21 is provided with posts 36 arranged to project through openings 31 in the adjacent pulley section 29. A ring member 38 is secured to the ends of the posts by screws 39 and coil springs 40 encircle the posts, such springs bearing at. one end against the pulley bracket 23 is a section 29 and at the other end against the ring member. These springs exert pressure against the axially movable pulley section in a direction urging it toward the adjacent pulley section 23.

The spring 35 exerts a greater. pressure than the against the regsprings 40 and exerts pressure ulating member ing faces of the fan pulley in their closest posi tion and thereby maintain the-diameter of the driving face of this pulley maximum. The springs 40 being weaker than the spring 35 will allow the belt to move radially with respect to the pulleys but willexert sufficient pressure/to establish a driving relation between the belt and the pulley on the shaft 21. In this way, the relation of the belt with the driving faces of the pulleys automatically shifted. 1

Associated with the regulating member 3| is mechanism for automatically shifting the same to regulate the distance between the driving faces of the two part fan pulley. Projecting from the wall of the bracket 34 I provide a pair of ears, as indicated at 4|, between which a shifter member extends 'and is pivotally mounted on a pin 42. This shifter member includes a yoke 43 having arms which extend around a portion of the cylindrical member 3|. The end portions of the arms are provided with slots, as indicated at 44,

through which pins 45 extend, such pins being.

- fixed to the cylindrical member. The upper portion of the shifter member is in the form of a lever 46 which can be rocked by a suitable temperature responsive means to establish the axial position of the regulating member.

In order to automatically control the shifter member, I provide a thermostat 41 which operates in response to engine developed temperature. In the present instance, the thermostat is anchored at one end to a bracket 48 and carries at its other end a pin 49 which engages the lever 46. This thermostatic control means is thus arranged so that it is responsive to the temperatureof the fluid circulating in the cooling system of the engine, and, as a more uniform temperature is present in the outlet manifold I5, I preferably locate the thermostat therein. Thepin 49 extends through the removable wall 50 and suitable packing, as indicated at 5|, is provided to prevent water leakage at this point.

It will be seen that the thermostat contracts and expands in accordance with temperature of the engine cooling fluid and thus reciprocates the pin 49. Forward movement of the pin 49 will rock the member 3| having an end 3| which will maintain the driv-.

aocasro shifter member to move the regulating member toward the engine cylinder and, when the pin moves rearwardly, the action of the spring 35 against the regulating member will cause the shifter member to follow the pin and remain in contact therewith.

In Fig. 1, the pulley regulating mechanism is illustrated in the position it assumes when the engine is cold and, under such circumstances, the spring 35 through pressure against the regulating member will hold the adjacent pulley section- 29 close to its mating section 28 so that the diameter of this pulley as engaged by the driving belt will be maximum. Under such circumstances, the

' belt will spread the faces of the pulley sections on the shaft 21 a maximum distance which is permitted by the fact that the springs 40 are weaker than the springs 35 and, under such circumstances, the shaft 22 will be driven at the minimum rate of speed relative to the shaft 21.

When the temperature of the cooling fluid increases, the thermostat 4'| expands moving the pin 49 forwardly and rocking the shifter member in a direction moving the control member rear- I wardly. Such movement of the regulating member overcomes the force of the spring 35 sufficiently topermit the spring 40 to urge the associated pulley section 29 toward the adjacent section 28 and thus bodily move the belt radially of the pulley so that the ratio of the diameters is changed. Under such circumstances, the driving diameter of the fan pulley is decreased and that of the driver pulley is increased. The shaft 22 is thus driven at a. faster rate of speed so that the pump and fan will rotate faster relative to the speed of engine rotation and will cause a faster rate of water circulation and an increased volume of air passing through the radiator in a given length of time. Under such circumstances, the

tendency is to reduce the temperature of the cooled fluid.

when thethermostat contracts, the force of the spring 35 will overcome the force of the spring 40 to an extent permitted by the movement of the regulating member 3| toward the front and thus the diameter of the driving face of the fan pulley will be increased while the diameter of the driving face of the pulley on the shaft 21 will be decreased. Under such circumstances, the rotation of the pump and the fan relative to the engine speed is reduced and the temperature of the cooling fluid will consequently rise. It will be understood that the thermostat can be set so that it will be effective only above a predetermined temperature, if so desired. It will thus be seen that, through changing the ratio of the diameters of the driving faces of a pair of pulleys connected by a belt, I am able to vary the temperature of the fluid in the cooling system of an engine. mechanism 'is controlled automatically through means of a thermostat so that a substantially constant engine temperature can be maintained.

Although the invention has been described, in

connection with a specific embodiment, the prin- G ciples involved are susceptible of numerous'other applications which will readily occur to persons skilled in the art. The invention is therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. Driving mechanism comprising a shaft, a sectional pulley having two sections mounted to rotate with the shaft one of which is movable longitudinally of the shaft, said pulley sections hav- It will also be seen that such the shaft and provided with angular adjacent faces, one of said sections of each pulley being movable axially, a belt extending around the pulleys in contact with the faces, spring means urging the movable section of the pulleys into engagement with the belt, and thermostatically operable means connected to regulate the distance between the sections of one pulley.

3. Driving mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a fan shaft, a pulley fixed to rotate with each shaft, said pulley including two sections mounted to rotate at all times with the shaft and provided with adjacent faces extending angularly in opposite directions and one of the sections being axially shiftable, a V-type belt around the pulleys and engaging the angular faces, spring means urging the movable pulley sections into frictional engagement with the belt, and shifter means connected with one of the movable pulley sections operable to regulate its distance from the associated pulley section.

4. Driving mechanism comprising a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt engaging the pulley, said pulleys each being formed in two sections connected to rotate together at all times one of which is movable axially, spring means associated with each pulley normally'urging the axial mov- 3 able section toward the other section, and means operable to regulate the axial position of the movable section of one of the pulleys, the spring means of the regulated pulley being stronger than the spring means oi the other pulley.

5. Driving mechanism comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a sectional pulley on one of said shafts having two sections one of which is mounted to rotate with the shaft and one of which is movable axially, spring means tending to move the axially movable section toward the other section, and means for relieving the axially movable section from the action of said spring.

6. Driving mechanism comprising a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt engaging the pulleys, said pulleys each being formed in two sections one of which is movable axially, spring means associated with each pulley normally urging the axially movable section toward the other section, the spring means of one of said pulleys being stronger than the spring means of the other pulley and means for relieving the axially movable section of the former pulley from the action of the spring means associated therewith to regulate the relative positions of the sections 01'- said pulley.

7. Driving mechanism for an engine cooling fan comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a pulley on one of said shafts having two sections one of which is mounted to rotate with the shaft and one of which is movable axially on said shaft, spring means tending to move the axially movable pulley section toward the other pulley section and means responsive to engine temper-- ature' for relieving the axially movable pulley section from the action of said spring.

' CLYDE R. PATON. 

